Strum responds to dozens of emergency spills every year, including those from residential furnace oil spills, motor vehicle accidents, hydrocarbon spills on commercial/industrial properties, and other forms of spills. At each site, Strum directs the emergency response effort to contain the spill and mitigate further migration, assesses the spill area with intrusive sampling programs to determine the extent of impacts, and supervises remedial efforts, which can include impacted soil removal, free product removal, groundwater purging, and in-situ treatment methods such as chemical oxidant injections, vapour extraction, surfactant injections, bioremediation, and activated carbon injections. Following completion of remedial activities, or risk assessment/management activities on sites where full remediation is not practical, long-term groundwater programs are completed, and then closure documents are submitted to the regulator.